Hagerty Q3 2026 Earnings Call Transcript

Hagerty (NYSE:HGTY) reported third-quarter financial results on Tuesday. The transcript from the company’s third-quarter earnings call has been provided below.

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Summary

Hagerty Inc. reported a 16% increase in written premiums for Q3 2026, with an 18% rise over the first nine months, adding 402,000 new members.

The company raised its 2026 profit outlook due to strong retention and improved underwriting, aiming for 3 million policies by 2030.

Hagerty completed the acquisition of Bennetts, a UK motorcycle insurance broker, enhancing its European presence.

Year-to-date adjusted EBITDA rose 43% to $257 million, aided by a $32 million reduction in estimated losses.

The company is investing in AI and technology to improve service efficiency, with a 20% productivity improvement in its Member Service Center.

Full Transcript

OPERATOR

Good day and thank you for standing by. Welcome to Hagerty Q3 2026 earnings conference call. At this time all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speaker’s presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. To ask a question during the session you will need to press star 11 on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised. To withdraw your question, please press star 11 again. Please be advised that today’s conference is being recorded.

I would now like to hand the conference over to your first speaker today, Jay Coval, Head of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Jay Coval (Head of Investor Relations)

Thank you, operator, and good morning everyone, and thank you for joining us to discuss Hagerty’s results for the third quarter of 2026. I’m joined this morning by McKeel Hagerty, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, and Patrick McClymont, Chief Financial Officer. During this morning’s conference call, we will refer to an accompanying presentation that is available on Hagerty’s Investor Relations section of the company’s corporate website at investor.hagerty.com. Our earnings release, slides, and letter to stockholders covering this period are also posted on the IR website as well as our 8-K filing.

Today’s discussion contains forward-looking statements and non-GAAP financial metrics as described further on slide 2 of the earnings presentation. Forward-looking statements include statements about our expected future business and financial performance and are not promises or guarantees of future performance. They are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties that could cause the actual results to differ materially from our expectations. For a discussion of material risks and important factors that could affect our actual results, please refer to those contained in our filings with the SEC, which are also available on our Investor Relations website and at sec.gov. The appendix of the presentation also contains reconciliations of our non-GAAP metrics to the most directly comparable GAAP measures that are further supplemented by this morning’s 8-K filing.

And with that, I’ll turn the call over to McKeel.

McKeel Hagerty (Chief Executive Officer)

Thank you, Jay, and good morning everyone. Fall is a bittersweet time of the year as the leaves change color across North America, cars go back into their garages for their winter slumber, and much of the action in the car world moves indoors to the auction room. We saw this with the nine price records Broad Arrow set at the Quail auction in Monterey during the third quarter, and strong gains at more recent auctions in October, with ZUT in Belgium up 35% and this past weekend at the Wynn Concours in Las Vegas where sales jumped sevenfold from last year’s inaugural auction.

If you’ve never been to a live auction, I take you inside the room in this quarter’s stockholder letter, and I hope one day you will join us in person and raise a paddle. Fair warning, it can be habit-forming. We have built a thriving business around people’s love of fun cars. You see it in the consistency of our mid-teens written premium growth and the quality of our underwriting over the years. The third quarter of 2026 was our 15th quarter in a row of meeting or beating expectations, shown on slides three and four. Over the first nine months of 2026, written premium grew 18% as we added a record 402,000 new members, adjusted EBITDA jumped 43% to $257 million, and net income was $32 million.

These profit metrics benefited from our $32 million of lower estimated losses. We have invested significantly in our claims teams, which is almost 40% larger than it was two years ago, and I want to thank them for the great work they are doing. Careful underwriting, members who take care of their special cars, and favorable industry trends also contributed to these results. Given the strength of our year-to-date numbers, we are increasing our full-year 2026 profit outlook, reflecting premium growth, strong retention, and improved underwriting economics. Patrick will share the details, but the key takeaway is that we are executing well on our strategy and remain on track to reach 3 million policies in force by 2030.

One more milestone: since the quarter ended, on October 8, we closed our acquisition of Bennetts, the second largest specialty motorcycle insurance broker in the United Kingdom. While modest in size, it is an important step for us. Together with Broad Arrow’s growing presence there, it gives us a base to bring insurance, auctions, and community together for motorcycle and car enthusiasts in Europe. I would like to give a warm Hagerty welcome to Bennetts employees and their members.

Looking ahead, I see three reasons growth should continue: how we reach members, the next generation of collectors, and what Broad Arrow brings to Hagerty. B2B distribution with large carriers and a network of 54,000 independent agents complement our direct efforts and should support consistent high rates of growth. The State Farm Classic Plus rollout is progressing well, with our captive agents now selling Hagerty-powered policies in 41 states, and the conversion of State Farm’s existing classic book of 525,000 policies is tracking to plan, with 26 states in process at quarter end.

As we look to the B2B pipeline for 2028 and beyond, we are making solid progress deepening existing relationships and cultivating new ones, and look forward to sharing updates over the coming quarters. Beyond distribution gains, the market itself can provide tailwinds. While daily driver insurance companies underwrite to depreciating value curves, we underwrite collector cars that are positioned for modest appreciation over time, and collector car values have been moving higher this year, particularly at the high end. Total vehicle sales in Monterey in August across all auction houses reached a record $756 million, up 75% from the prior year. Modern supercars and hypercars accounted for half of all sales.

With bidders from multiple continents and generations driving record prices, I have seen several peaks and troughs over the years, and I would not be surprised to see prices take a breather at some point after the sharp rise in 2026. But I believe the long-term trends on these increasingly scarce assets remains up and to the right. Why do I believe this heightened demand? It is partly the result of the generational shift we are seeing in our quote volume. As Gen X, Millennials, and Gen Z now account for over 60% of our quotes, these younger cohorts are coveting the post-1980s cars of their youth, the same way Boomers coveted 1960s European race cars and American muscle cars. Baby Boomers remain an important driver of our growth. We recently met a Boomer collector at a September car show who owns an impressive portfolio of 14 British classics, including an Aston Martin DB5, an Austin-Healey 3000, and a Jaguar E-Type, to name a few.

But the car he chose to bring to the local car event was his newly acquired McLaren MP4. When asked, he told us the reason he loves Hagerty is that we not only protect his vintage collection of 1950s and 60s cars, but are also able to insure a modern supercar like his McLaren. Broad Arrow is benefiting from the demand across different age groups, with year-to-date auction sales up 83%. The main driver of our results is the share we have gained since launching five years ago with the goal of becoming the trusted partner for car collectors. Similar to our insurance business, we are investing in Broad Arrow’s capabilities because we intend to continue gaining share over the long run. Auctions are becoming an important channel for future members to first meet Hagerty.

A buyer who takes home a car or a seller who trusts us with a consignment can become a policyholder, join Hagerty Drivers Club, and come back for the next sale. Retention of 88% and a net promoter score roughly double the industry suggests those relationships tend to last. We want to make it easy for any new buyer of a collector car to insure with Hagerty, so we were pleased to see Barrett-Jackson named us as its official insurance partner. That is why we think of Broad Arrow as a customer acquisition and engagement platform for Hagerty, in addition to being a great auction business. With that, I will turn it over to Patrick for details behind our strong third quarter.

Patrick McClymont (Chief Financial Officer)

Thank you, Mikhail, and good morning, everyone. Starting with slides 5 and 6, we delivered written premium gains of 16% in the quarter and 18% during the first nine months of the year. Two-year trends were steady in the third quarter as we compare against higher rates of growth from the second half of 2025. The increase is driven by policy count, not rate, as we continue adding high-retention members attracted by our value proposition, as we described on prior calls.

The 2026 GAAP presentation reflects the Markel fronting transition where, under the new structure, MGA commission revenue and the associated ceding commission expense eliminate against each other in consolidation. That is why reported year-to-date GAAP revenue of 1 billion declined 7% even as written premium grew 18%. Let me break down the components of our third quarter revenue. Earned premium grew 42% to 265 million due to written premium gains combined with the increase in our quota share to 100%. Commission and fee revenue for the quarter was 22 million. As noted, this line item is no longer comparable to prior periods given the elimination of Markel-related commissions in consolidation, but is ramping quickly as State Farm conversions progress. Third quarter marketplace revenue declined 6% to 32 million.

Auction growth of 65% was more than offset by lower inventory sales during the quarter. As a reminder, when we sell a car from our own inventory, we record the full sale price as revenue and the cost of the car as expense rather than just a commission, so revenue can swing more based on the level of inventory sales. Marketplace’s third quarter net loss improved by 3 million year over year. Monterey sell-through rates were 85%, with the generational broadening Michiel described helping drive demand at the high end.

Membership and other revenue came in at 22 million, with 6% growth in Hagerty Drivers Club paid memberships. Insurance members who are also HDC members retain and cross-purchase at higher rates. Net investment income was 13 million during the quarter, benefiting from our larger Hagerty Re portfolio and steady returns from the predominantly fixed income investments. Turning now to profitability shown on slide 7 and 8, Hagerty Re’s combined ratio came in at 85.2% during the first nine months, helped by 32 million of lower estimated losses. This includes a 26 million reduction related to our current accident year recorded in the third quarter. This reflects lower physical damage costs and liability claims running below our estimates, and is in addition to the 6 million favorable development of 2025 accident year losses that we recorded in the first quarter.

We believe the substantial investments in our in-house claims capabilities are helping contribute to the lower losses. As Mikhail noted, we intentionally grew that team by 40%, including doubling the size of the material damage and special investigation units. Industry frequency trends have also been favorable, which has helped as well. One of Hagerty’s biggest strengths is how our losses behave compared to daily driver insurers. Our members take meticulous care of their cars, and when a storm is forecast, our team alerts them through our Guardian program.

With enough notice, many move their cars to higher and drier ground, whether that’s one of the garage spots we reserve for them or an inland parking lot. High driveway rates are a big reason our losses have consistently come in better than daily driver CAT models would predict and why reinsurers and AM Best value this lack of correlation with daily driver losses. Our loss ratios are much more stable than the industry’s, with roughly 35% lower volatility since 2010, which is also a compelling story for reinsurers as we formalize next year’s program at attractive prices.

While we’ve had an uneventful CAT season for the last two years, the percentage impact that hurricanes can have on our profitability continues to diminish as we scale up. In 2024, Hurricanes Helene and Milton totaled 27 million against adjusted EBITDA of 162 million. And with the growth of our EBITDA since 2024, similarly sized events would have roughly half the impact on current profits. On the technology front, we are making meaningful investments in our platforms and artificial intelligence that should allow us to both serve members better and drive operating leverage. Our Member Service Center is a great example where we now require just one full-time employee for every 2,800 policies in force. This is a 20% year-over-year productivity improvement across a book of 1.9 million policies. AI-assisted call summaries and workflow automation are handling tasks that previously required manual effort.

This frees up our team to focus on the work only they can do, such as assisting a stranded member with a flatbed for their 1968 Camaro, helping a new member understand the difference between guaranteed value and actual cash value coverage, and building the kind of relationship that turns a first-time auction buyer into a 20-year Hagerty member. Our Net Promoter Score remains top of the field, and our members rate their experience 4.93 out of 5 stars on Trustpilot, and we intend to keep investing in the technology and people behind those scores.

In the third quarter, adjusted EBITDA was 97 million, resulting in year-to-date adjusted EBITDA of 257 million, up 43%. During the first nine months, we have incurred 88 million in new acquisition expenses that were capitalized, of which only 36 million was recognized on the P&L, resulting in a benefit to our adjusted EBITDA of 52 million. In the third quarter, we recorded an income tax expense of 5 million compared to a 33 million benefit in the prior-year period when we released a portion of the valuation allowance.

The change in tax was driven by non-reversing differences between taxable income and pretax book income related to the fronting arrangement, chiefly the ceding commission Hagerty Re deducts on its tax return but that we eliminate in consolidation. GAAP net income of 36 million in the third quarter includes 36 million of amortization of deferred ceding commissions for 2025 year policies. Year to date, GAAP net income of 32 million includes 189 million of amortization related to deferred ceding commissions paid to Markel for policies written prior to January 1, 2026.

Net income attributable to Class A common shareholders in the third quarter was 8 million. GAAP basic and diluted earnings per share were both $0.08. Adjusted earnings per share, based on 361 million fully diluted shares, came in at $0.10. Nine-month operating cash flow was 280 million, up 48% from the prior-year period, reflecting significantly enhanced economics to Hagerty under the new structure and improved working capital. As of September 30, 2026, we had 461 million in unrestricted cash and total debt of 247 million, which includes 103 million from the back-leverage facility for Broad Arrow’s portfolio of collector car loans. The balance sheet is in great shape with ample liquidity to fund high-return investments in organic growth, the Bennetts acquisition, and ongoing technology investments.

Let me close with our updated 2026 outlook, which we increased again, shown on slide 9. We anticipate 2026 written premium growth to come in at the high end of our 16% to 17% range. We are raising our expectations for GAAP net income to a range of 48 million to 60 million and for adjusted EBITDA to a range of 305 million to 315 million, reflecting our year-to-date outperformance and sustained business momentum. This outlook includes the 52 million benefit from capitalizing MGA acquisition costs in 2026, a timing effect that is largely complete as of September 30th and will not repeat again in 2027.

That wraps up our prepared remarks. Operator, we can open the line for questions.

OPERATOR

Thank you. At this time we will conduct the question-and-answer session. As a reminder, to ask a question, you will need to press star 11 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 11 again. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from the line of Charlie Lederer of BMO Capital Markets. Your line is now open.

Charlie Lederer (Analyst)

Hey, thanks. Good morning. Congrats on the great result. Sorry to nitpick here a little bit, but if I look at the quarter-over-quarter net policy count growth, the net new PIF is slightly lower year over year, which is a little surprising just given the State Farm conversions I would think would be more meaningful this year. It looks like it’s maybe retention-driven. Just wondering if you could update us on what you’re seeing there. Thanks.

Patrick McClymont (Chief Financial Officer)

No, retention continues to be consistent with historical levels and right where we had planned it for. So there’s no concerns on the retention front. On the PIF growth front, some of this is the seasonality, right. It’s always going to be a little bit trickier to predict as we get deeper into the year. And some of it is the timing of State Farms. We continue to roll out states, we continue to move existing states into conversion. But that can be, you know, that can move around a bit depending on their schedule and rollouts.

And so it can move. There’s nothing that’s giving us pause on that front.

Charlie Lederer (Analyst)

Got it. Thanks. And as my follow-up, you know, we’re seeing traditional home and auto insurance rates moderate and availability improve. And a lot of Hagerty’s growth has come in some markets that were difficult or have been difficult. In California and Florida, obviously you have a number of partnerships with the largest writers of these coverages. Should we think about this dynamic having a positive impact on your PIF and premium going forward, or can you help us think that through?

McKeel Hagerty (Chief Executive Officer)

Hey, thank you. This is McKeel. It’s an excellent question. And as you know, because a decent amount of our new business is essentially downstream from these major partnerships that we have, and we’re in a cycle where rates are softening, a lot of the big carriers are expressing softening new business growth. We tend to be positioned really well in the sense that, again, retention is very strong. That’s a big driver of how the book of business looks.

And especially given the fact that a very large amount of our new business is attributed to high Net Promoter Score customers referring new business to us. So while we’re downstream from some of the softness in the larger P&C market, we tend to be, I think, holding pretty strong given the soft market.

Charlie Lederer (Analyst)

Thanks. And maybe just one last one, just on the marketplace business, just on your comments on the surge in prices at the top end, McKeel, potentially taking a breather. Just wondering if you guys have a perspective or view on how much of this quarter’s or year-to-date marketplace revenues we should think about run-rating or not think about running going forward. Thanks.

McKeel Hagerty (Chief Executive Officer)

Yeah, I think that was sort of the intent of the comment. Right. So the very robust market continues. Right. And that delivered for us really outstanding results in Las Vegas this past weekend, multiple world records. And so we’re in that, we’re in that zone right now. I think we just recognize that for those type of cars, valuations are up two, in some cases three times in a relatively short period of time. And so it would be reasonable to expect that at some point that flattens and potentially you could even see that cooling down a bit.

So that’s what we’re communicating there. The overall market continues to be pretty stable for collector cars. We’re going through our planning process right now for next year, and so we haven’t finalized that yet. What I will say is it’s similar to how we talk about private sales. You’re talking about a relatively limited number of cars driving some pretty big outcomes in the market and for us specifically. And so as we look forward to 2027, the prudent thing to do is not to assume that that will continue as is certainly on the kind of the upward slope that it’s on.

We haven’t quite landed on what that means yet. We’ll share that when we get together on the fourth quarter call and give guidance. But we don’t want to plan for trees growing to the sky. Right. We want to plan for what we think is sort of a more appropriate approach.

OPERATOR

Thanks, guys. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Elise Greenspan of Wells Fargo. Your line is now open.

Elise Greenspan (Analyst)

Hi. Thanks. My first question, I guess it’s just an accounting and somewhat a guidance question. Right. So you guys have, you know, there was a 52 million benefit, right, this year from capitalizing, right, some of those acquisition costs and that goes away next year. So when we think about adjusted EBITDA, do we just kind of think about, you know, this 52 million somewhat being a headwind, right, relative when you put in place next year’s guidance and then, you know, can you just provide, I mean, anything you want to provide just in terms of overall outlook on like EBITDA, either from a growth or margin perspective, when you think about 27 or I guess you guys, you know, waiting for next quarter to give, you know, any 27 guidance.

Patrick McClymont (Chief Financial Officer)

Sure. Hi, Elise, thanks for the questions. On the first one, yeah, I think as you think about bridging 2026 to 2027, you should kind of start your 2026 by adjusting that out or treating it as a, you know, sort of a one-time item that was a tailwind this year that goes away next year. So that is the right way to think about that. And that’s why we’ve been so clear about it all year long to make sure people understand that dynamic. And then, yeah, we’re going to wait until the fourth quarter call and lay out guidance after we finished our planning process and have clarity on that.

So no update right now.

Elise Greenspan (Analyst)

And then going back to Charlie’s question, I guess on PIF and you guys were alluding to, right, some seasonality as we think about just like the fourth quarter and then like heading into, you know, the first part of 27, I guess any seasonality you would just kind of highlight in terms of thinking about just, you know, PIF growth, you know, over the next, you know, few quarters.

Patrick McClymont (Chief Financial Officer)

Yeah, well, I think, you know, you can. We’ve given our written premium updated guidance and so you can kind of derive from that what we think the fourth quarter looks like. And as you expect it does, you know, slow down seasonally. No comments yet on next year other than the nature of our business is where we’re able to. The driving season is the second and third quarters. Typically the second is going to be the peak. And during the first and fourth, it’s typically quieter from a new business standpoint.

So we don’t expect that to change. Under the new accounting approach, right, there’s much less seasonality in the revenues. You asked that question on the last call or the one before that and you were spot on. And so the P&L looks different on a go-forward basis, but the underlying sales cycle is the same.

Elise Greenspan (Analyst)

Okay, thank you.

OPERATOR

One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Michael Phillips of Oppenheimer. Your line is now open.

Michael Phillips (Analyst)

Thank you. Good morning. You’ve been clear in the past about talking about investing well ahead of growth, but those calls probably wouldn’t go away, I guess, as the business grows. I want to get a sense of, as we look past maybe 27 into the longer term, 28 and after that, are we approaching a period where the earnings growth, where those investments kind of flow back into earnings, or do more investment opportunities keep that spending growth kind of elevated?

Patrick McClymont (Chief Financial Officer)

Well, we’ve talked about in terms of long term, and I guess we’re a year and a half into this or so, but you’re doubling the business by 2030, right, and so that’s in terms of the members that we serve. And we do, we are investing to support that growth and we’ll continue to do so. If you look at the numbers, we’ve continued to expand margins since we began that journey sort of in 2023, and we’ll see how this year wraps up, but we’ll expect that we’re expanding margins again this year, which is what we guided to.

So it’s a balancing act, right. We want to continue to march on a path to what we think is the right long-term margin structure for the business. But because we’re deep enough into that path, we do have the flexibility to invest well ahead of growth. And that’s a balancing act that our leadership team and Mikhail and myself, we spend a lot of time on. We’re going through it right now for the planning process. If we want to keep growing for the long haul, not just double by 2030, but continue to have this be a growth business, there always will be opportunities to invest to support that growth.

Our job is to strike that balance and kind of give you communications on a year-by-year basis how we think the margins are trending.

Michael Phillips (Analyst)

Okay, Patrick, thanks. I guess I want to switch gears to the Enthusiast Plus program. I know it’s small in its early stages, but I’m trying to get a sense of what the price sensitivity of that book might, of those customers might be relative to your core book. And curious if there’s any differences there given obviously the soft market that traditional insurance is in. If those folks have more sensitivity to price, does that maybe make the early phases of growth for the Enthusiast Plus a little more difficult than what otherwise might be the case.

Patrick McClymont (Chief Financial Officer)

I think the answer is it’s too early to tell. We’ve been in one market for a year and a half or so now. The other markets are just in the last handful of months, and so we’re learning. We have launched in these markets, we’re only doing direct, as we’ve talked about, direct to consumer. We’re not doing anything through agents and brokers. So it’s out in the wild on a limited basis and we are learning, but it’s too early to draw any conclusions.

Michael Phillips (Analyst)

Okay, thanks. Appreciate it.

OPERATOR

One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Kevin Woljedra of JPMorgan. Your line is now open.

Kevin Woljedra (Analyst)

Hi, thanks for taking my question. This is Kevin on for Pablo. There’s been some fears on AI disrupting the personal auto market. And is there any impacts you’re seeing from AI on shopping trends so far? And if so, it looks like 55% of your sales comes through your agent channel. How is Hagerty positioned to deal with AI coming into the market? Thanks.

McKeel Hagerty (Chief Executive Officer)

Thanks, Kevin. It’s the question of the hour, the month, every single conference I go to. The way we look at AI is it’s really a layered approach. So the investments we’re making in AI for our own purposes range from, as was described already in our previous comments, how we can assist our team members and how call flows work, all that sort of thing, whether those come from a direct consumer, whether they come from agents, really amplifying the work that our great team members can already do.

There’s also the big, great opportunities in the middle of this business, the sort of middleware part of the business, which is how we administer the organization itself, the efficiencies that we can find there. And then from a real underlying basis, how is this going to help sort of transform insurance? And when I say help, I mean really help. Insurance is a business that can really, I think, benefit greatly from the opportunities that AI tools bring to it: the way you analyze data, the way that you process information, the way that you serve customers.

So, so far we are not seeing some very different type of customer behavior based on them using AI to shop differently. We’re not seeing it either on the direct or on the kind of B2B side of the house, but we’re anticipating it. We know our future quoting engines and servicing engines are going to have to be capable of not only helping people on the other side of the transaction, but also to be able to help agents on the other side of the transaction.

And so we’re designing for it, we’re building it in, and we’re already seeing some benefit with the internal, those kind of three-layered approach that we have. But we’re really preparing for that future you’re describing.

Kevin Woljedra (Analyst)

Great, thank you.

OPERATOR

One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Mark Hughes of Truist. Your line is now open.

Mark Hughes (Analyst)

Yeah, thank you very much. With the better loss experience, sounds like you’re doing really well with the internal claims capability. Is there a potential for loss picks potentially to be a little bit lower?

Patrick McClymont (Chief Financial Officer)

Yeah, we’ll tell you when we tell you, Mark. We’re going through that process now and we’ll share guidance on the fourth quarter call. We are pleased with both sort of our internal performance and then obviously the market trends as we’ve talked about. And so that’s part of our consideration set as we do the plan for next year, but nothing to preview right now.

Mark Hughes (Analyst)

Yeah, okay, very good. When you think about the improved performance on the liability claims, you just alluded to the fact that you’re seeing broader market improvement. I’m not sure if it’s the liability specifically, but anything you can say about that seems significant. Just sort of curious what your experience might be telling you on the liability front.

McKeel Hagerty (Chief Executive Officer)

Hey Mark. Good morning, and thanks for being on. Yeah, I mean a lot of what we talked about in the remarks are how we’ve been investing on the physical damage side, or material damage side, of the business. And that includes also on the SIU standpoint. So we’ve been boosting our capabilities on the damage side, which is how we internally handle different losses and work with repair shops and restoration shops to get our members’ cars back on the road.

The SIU, which is of course Special Investigative, is really meant to make sure that we’re managing our results by carefully looking at losses to make sure that there’s no fraud involved with them. You cannot price for fraud in insurance, so you have to be really careful when you identify incidents. And we’re really proud of the teams really having millions of dollars of benefit to the business as we’re being very, very careful with it. On the liability side, frequency is down. So it’s a unique thing that’s happening right now. Post-COVID, when there were a lot of people out driving, a lot of people buying all sorts of cars, frequency is down. And so that does have a downstream impact, of course, in liability losses. But I would also say, even though the rate increases that we have taken, and as we’ve described to you in the past, the rates that we have taken, while modest in comparison to daily driver insurance, many of the rate increases were targeted in the lines of liability.

Those are the areas that there are a lot of elements to liability claims that are out of our control, whether it’s when you’re talking about tort-type situations or other legal situations where we just kind of get wrapped up in things. So I think we’re targeting the right things with the modest rate increases that we take, and we’re focused on the other things that we can really control, which are material damage and SIU.

Mark Hughes (Analyst)

Appreciate it. Thank you.

OPERATOR

One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Mitchell Rubin of Raymond James. Your line is now open.

Mitchell Rubin (Analyst)

Hey, good morning. This is Mitch on for Greg. On slide 4, you identify refining the Driver’s Club offering as a priority. What changes are you making, and how do you see its role within the broader Hagerty business evolving?

McKeel Hagerty (Chief Executive Officer)

Thank you. It’s a great question, one I’m very passionate about. I think one of the things that differentiates Hagerty is how we treat our members. And when we say member, it’s not just a throwaway term. It’s really welcoming them into our ecosystem as somebody we care about, somebody that we understand. They’re not just a car owner, ideally, that insures with us, but they may be browsing on our marketplace, they may be buying a broader Aero site, they may be buying a ticket to one of our events, or they’re reading our media.

So the big thing for us is how do we bring the maximum amount of people who are already consuming some part of the Hagerty ecosystem, but perhaps not even insurance, and how do we make them a member? The design change will really emphasize how we can bring people in as, ideally, a free member or a trial member as they come into Hagerty Drivers Club. And then for those who want to pay for the paid levels of Hagerty Driver’s Club over time, that’s very, very easy for them to do.

Ideally, that attaches to an insurance policy. It’s great when we insure cars and then also make them a paid member, but we really need that HDC benefit that we’re already investing in and is already being consumed by a lot of people to bring more people in through the door in that free or trial membership basis. So that’s the design change, and we look forward to rolling more of that out next year.

Mitchell Rubin (Analyst)

I appreciate the color. How are the investments in your independent agent channel translating into new business production? And where do you see the biggest opportunity to increase productivity?

McKeel Hagerty (Chief Executive Officer)

I mean, this is really a big investment in the team. So we have some incredible new leadership in the insurance side in this channel. So Jeff Briglia, who’s the president of our insurance business, has recruited really an A-level team. Adam Van Loon, who comes to us with an incredible career of experience in building out these types of channels. So when I think of this side of the business, of course you’ve got the big partnerships we have with the big company underwriting carriers like State Farm, Allstate, Progressive, on down the line. But we already mentioned we have 54,000 agents that we’re working with that are just many times just Main Street agents with access to great customers.

So one of our big jobs there is to be segmenting that business, focusing on the agents that are really growing where we know that there’s opportunities, using data resources to help them understand that as the vehicles that we’re seeing coming in, say in the direct channel, are getting newer, with younger collectors more interested in these newer vehicle segments. Our job is to make sure that we’re communicating that to agents. We’re helping them understand that there’s a lot of that opportunity in their own books of business already.

And so it’s a big communications opportunity, a big communications challenge. And it’s really, in my mind, the ground war that’s going to help us on this path to doubling the business by 2030 and to keep that trajectory strong out past into the 2030s. So very important part of our growth strategy.

Mitchell Rubin (Analyst)

Thanks for the answers.

OPERATOR

Our last question comes from the line of Tommy McJoint of KBW. Your line is now open.

Tommy McJoint (Analyst)

Hey, good morning. When we look at the full year adjusted EBITDA guide, so it increased by about 35 million at the midpoint. In your own internal projections, was the improvement this quarter entirely driven by the better loss and claims experience in the loss ratio, or was there anything else on the operating expense side or revenue side that allowed you to raise the full year guide?

Patrick McClymont (Chief Financial Officer)

You talked about the 35 is the increase, right. And so 26 of that is what we released in this quarter. And so the other nine are strong operations within the business. And that’s the way we think about that is a fair bit of that is the fact that there is operating leverage inherent in the business, and we are being disciplined. We’re making investments that we talked about earlier on the call, but we’re also being disciplined in terms of our cost structure and our headcount.

So that leverage is working. And so it’s not entirely the reserve releases. There’s other benefits in the business that are flowing through.

Tommy McJoint (Analyst)

Okay, got it. And then looking at the balance sheet, the cash balance has ballooned here to 460 million at the end of the third quarter. Is there any seasonality to why that build happened? Or if not, do you have any plans for how you would think about deploying some of that cash?

Patrick McClymont (Chief Financial Officer)

It’s just a timing thing. We are evolving our investment strategies. We’ve talked about modestly moving into riskier assets. That’s going to be primarily things like credit investments that are a little bit further down the credit curve from our historical approach. And so at quarter end, we were halfway through a couple of transactions on that front. And so it shows up that it’s in cash, but it’ll move into investments. So it’s not seasonality, it’s just literally timing of execution of that strategy.

Tommy McJoint (Analyst)

Makes sense. Thank you.

OPERATOR

This concludes the question and answer session. I would now like to turn it back to McKeel for closing remarks.

McKeel Hagerty (Chief Executive Officer)

Thank you, operator. And thanks to everyone on the call for your continued support. I want to close by coming back to where we started this morning. People love to drive fun cars. These cars are passion projects, identity markers, and a source of great memories. Our job is to understand what these cars mean to our members and to take excellent care of them. When I think about why this business works so well, I think about the 1967 Porsche 911S that my father and I restored together. I’ve heard many similar stories of parents rebuilding cars in the garage with their kids. Of a newcomer to the U.S. who saved up to buy a muscle car they first saw on an American television show. Of the Gen X buyer who finally found that clean Toyota Supra they could not afford in college. After four decades in the car world, I believe we are just beginning to capitalize on our opportunity.

We insure less than 8% of the 36 million vehicle target market in the U.S. today. And there is also a large opportunity for us across the Atlantic. We are fortunate to operate in a niche that happens to be quite large. And I am optimistic about the road ahead as we keep reinvesting in our members. Thank you to One Team Hagerty. These results are yours. I am proud of every one of you and I cannot wait to see what this team delivers in the final stretch of 2026. Until then, never stop driving.

OPERATOR

Thank you for your participation in today’s conference. This does conclude the program. You may now disconnect.

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